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Horatio Davis Sheppard (c. 1809 - February 24, 1879) (sometimes spelled Horatio Shepard) was an American physician who in 1833 founded the first penny press newspaper in the United States, the ''New York Morning Post''. In 1830, Sheppard was a medical student with no real experience in publishing, but he had witnessed the populace of New York City willing to buy anything that cost a penny. For over a year he approached printing offices to propose that a paper could be successfully sold at a penny price, but had no luck convincing anyone until meeting Francis Story. Story was a foreman at the ''Spirit of the Times'' and printer of other items, and wanted to start his own business. He agreed to go in with Sheppard if they also brought on Horace Greeley. Greeley, however, insisted that the paper must be marketed at two-cents, not one. Sheppard was forced to agree, even though this defied the entire scheme of the venture.〔Goodman, Matthew. ''The Sun and the Moon'' (2010)〕 So, with Greeley and Story, the two-cent ''Morning Post'' was first issued on January 1, 1833. But it did not prove a success. Its debt was quickly mounting and they had little capital to speak of. All agreed to finally drop the price to one-cent (for its final two issues—and it did sell better) but it was too late, and the paper folded the same month. Nevertheless, Sheppard has been credited for the concept of the penny press in America, which proved successful later the same year when Benjamin Day launched ''The Sun''.〔(26 February 1879). (), ''Brooklyn Union-Argus'', col. 3〕〔(27 February 1879). (Funeral of Dr. Horatio D. Sheppard ), ''The New York Times''〕〔(28 February 1879). (), ''Syracuse Daily Courier''〕〔Hudson, Frederic. (Journalism in the United States, from 1690-1872 ), p. 417 (1873) (crediting Sheppard's venture as "the seed of the Cheap Press.")〕〔Parton, James. (The Life of Horace Greeley ), pp. 139-44 (1872)〕 After the adventure of the ''Morning Post'' ended, Sheppard left the newspaper business and went into medical practice,〔 though he remained friends with Greeley until Greeley's death in 1872.〔(A Memorial of Horace Greeley ), p. 59 (1873)〕 Sheppard died from pneumonia at St. Luke's Hospital in New York on February 24, 1879.〔(26 February 1879). (An Old Journalist Dead - The Founder of the First Penny Newspaper ), ''The New York Times''〕 ==References== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Horatio D. Sheppard」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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